What does a risk assessment typically involve in the context of ISO 27001?

A risk assessment in the context of ISO 27001 is a systematic process that involves evaluating potential threats to information assets. This process aims to identify vulnerabilities and the associated risks, and it is a critical step in establishing a comprehensive information security management system (ISMS).

During a risk assessment, organizations analyze various internal and external factors that could jeopardize the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of their information. This involves assessing the likelihood of identified threats materializing and the potential impact they could have on the organization. By doing so, organizations can prioritize risks and determine appropriate controls and measures to mitigate them, ultimately enhancing their overall security posture.

The other options, while related to the broader scope of an information security management system, do not define the core purpose of a risk assessment. Identifying policies and implementing technology are essential aspects of implementing an ISMS, and training employees is vital for ensuring everyone understands security practices, but these activities do not focus specifically on the systematic evaluation of risks to information assets.