What does integrity refer to in an information security context?

Integrity in the context of information security refers to the protection of data from unauthorized modifications, ensuring that the information is accurate, consistent, and trustworthy. This aspect of information security is crucial as it assures users and stakeholders that the data they are using or relying on has not been altered inappropriately, either accidentally or maliciously.

When considering the concept of integrity, the authorization of modifications to data is fundamental. It delineates who has the right to make changes and under what circumstances. This control mechanism is essential for maintaining the authenticity and reliability of data, serving as a safeguard against errors and fraud.

The other options—timely access to information, unrestricted information access, and securing data from unauthorized networks—do not directly address the concern of data being altered without permission. While timely access and network security are important aspects of information management, they pertain more to the availability and confidentiality of data rather than its integrity. Thus, authorization of modifications is key when discussing integrity within the framework of ISO 27001 and general information security principles.